Clinical Journal of Korean Association of Orthodontists (CJKAO) is an international, open access, and peer reviewed journal published in March 31st, June 30th, September 30th, and December 31st each year. It was first launched in 2011 and, as the official scientific publication of Korean Association of Orthodontists, CJKAO aims to publish high quality clinical and scientific original research papers in all areas related to orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics. Specifically, its interest focuses on significant clinical reports of diverse treatment approaches, expanding to evidence-based investigations of contemporary diagnostic procedures and treatment techniques. The scope of CJKAO covers all areas of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics including successful diagnostic procedures and treatment planning, growth and development of the face and its clinical implications, appliance designs, biomechanics, TMJ disorders and adult treatment. Specifically, its latest interest focuses on skeletal anchorage devices, orthodontic appliance and biomaterials, 3-dimensional imaging techniques utilized for dentofacial diagnosis and treatment planning, and orthognathic surgery to correct skeletal disharmony in association of orthodontic treatment.

Clinical Journal of Korean Association of Orthodontists (abbreviated as ‘Clin J Korean Assoc Orthod’) consists of Case reports, Special article, Clinical articles, Editorial, Reviews, Original research, Ask an expert/Interviews with an expert, Practice management, and other materials on orthodontic and related subjects. Submitted manuscripts must be original, and not published or under consideration elsewhere. Manuscripts are subject to editorial revision. Authors should follow the guidelines below.
Comments and opinions stated in the articles and communications herein are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the editor(s) or publisher, and the editor(s) and publisher decline any responsibility or liability for such contents. Neither the editor(s) nor the publisher guarantees, warrants, or endorses any product or service advertised in this publication; neither do they guarantee any claim made by the manufacturer of such product or service. For the policies on the research and publication ethics not stated in this instruction, ‘Good Publication Practice Guidelines for Medical Journals (https://www.kamje.or.kr/board/view?b_name=bo_publication&bo_id=7)’ or ‘Guidelines on good publication (http://www.publicationethics.org.uk/guidelines)’ can be applied. Each reader must determine whether to act on the information contained in the publication, and neither the Journal nor its sponsoring organizations shall be liable for any injury due to the publication of erroneous information.

Organize your manuscript as follows:
The body of the text, excluding the title page, abstract, references, tables, and illustrations, should not exceed 3,500 words (2,000 words in Korean). Remove all evidence of authorship in order to expedite the review process. Manuscripts should be written in English or Korean. Case Report should present a clinical case of general interest accompanied by high-quality records of case information. Pretreatment and posttreatment records should be included, and at least 1-year posttreatment records are strongly recommended. Inclusion of the following sections in the manuscript is preferred: introduction; diagnosis and etiology; treatment objectives; treatment alternatives; treatment progress; results; discussion; and conclusion. The body of the text, excluding the title page, abstract, references, tables, and illustrations, should not exceed 3,500 words (2000 words in Korean).
Review Article should focus on a specific topic related to orthodontic and related subjects. Personal opinion should not be presented; conclusion should be drawn strictly from the review process. Readers Forum welcomes questions and commentaries that stimulate healthy discussion on orthodontic and related subjects. Please submit a signed copyright release together.

Title Page. Put all information pertaining to the authors in a separate document. Include the title of the article and short title, full name(s) and portrait photography(s) of the author(s), and institutional affiliations and positions; identify the corresponding author and include an address, telephone and fax numbers, and an e-mail address. This information will not be available to the reviewers. Portrait photography(s) of the all author(s) should be submitted as the same format as the illustrations.

Abstract. A structured abstract of 250 words or less is preferred. Briefly state the purpose of the study, methods, primary results, principal conclusions and any clinical implications. Provide keywords (5 or less) at the bottom of the abstract. This should be written in English.

Introduction. State the objective and the background of the study. Author may refer to literature, but excessive review is strongly discouraged.

Materials and Methods. Describe the experimental design procedures and material/subjects used. Give the details only if the methods are original or essential for understanding; otherwise, give references. Also, in this section clearly state the information on IRB approval status including the identity of the board and its review number even for those exempted.

Results. Present essential results with a minimum of discussion. Use tables, charts, and photographs to clarify the findings. State the statistical data properly. All measurements should be expressed in metric units, or metric equivalents may appear in parentheses after the original measurements.

Discussion. Indicate the significance of the data and the limitations. Interpretation of the results should be clearly explained. Do not repeat the contents of introduction in this section. It should not exceed one half of the entire article length. Speculate the findings in light of other reports, including opposing views in order to limit bias. Extensions of the study may be suggested in the last paragraph.

Conclusion. Briefly state a clear conclusion of the study. Do not repeat the Results in this section.

References. Cite references selectively up to 30 citations, and number them consecutively in the order in which they are cited in the text. Assess the completeness of references. Follow the format for references in “Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals” (Ann Intern Med 1997;126:36-47); http://www.icmje.org. The titles of journals should be abbreviated according to the style used in Index Medicus. Ensure the references are presented in the proper style and format. References should be written in English.

<Example>

1. Holdaway RA. A soft-tissue cephalometric analysis and its use in orthodontic treatment planning. Part I. Am J Orthod 1983;84:1-28.
2. Reyneke JP. Surgical manipulation of the occlusal plane: new concepts in geometry. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg 1998;13:307-316.
   
3. Proffit WR, Fields HW, Sarver DM. Contemporary Orthodontics. 5th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2013.
   
4. Proffit WR, Ackermann JL. A systematic approach to orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. In: Graber TM, Swain BF, editors. Current orthodontic concepts and techniques. 3rd ed. St. Louis: C.V. Mosby; 1985, p. 15-30.

Legends for Illustrations. Legends should be written in English on a separate page. When symbols, arrows, numbers, or letters are used to identify parts of the illustrations, identify and explain each one clearly in the legend. If a figure has been previously published, the legend should fully acknowledge the original source. Ensure all the figures have been mentioned sequentially in the text. Legends should be written in English.

Tables. Do not embed tables in the body of the text. Number tables consecutively in the order in which they are cited in the text and provide a brief title for each. Be sure that each table is cited in the text. Explain in footnotes all nonstandard abbreviations. If a table has been previously published, include a footnote giving full acknowledgement to the original source. Tables included should not exceed a total of number of 7. Tables should be written in English.

Illustrations. Letters, numbers and symbols should be clear, even, and proportional to the figures throughout. Do not embed illustrations in the body of the text, but indicate the location of the illustrations within the text. Images are preferred to be in JPG or TIFF format. Ensure the figures will still be legible in case they are reduced for publication. Photographic images should be submitted as high resolution of JPG or TIFF file. Disqualified images may affect the editorial decision upon acceptance, or may cause a delay of publication. It is author’s responsibility to provide color figures when requested by CJKAO editors for reviews as well as for publication.

Rights, permissions and patient consent. Illustrations or tables that have previously appeared in copyrighted material must be accompanied by written permission for their use from the copyright holder and original author, and the legend must properly acknowledge the original source. Photographs of patients or human subjects should be accompanied by written informed consent for publication signed by the person (or parent or guardian of minors). Each statement must be on a separate page, including the manuscript title and all authors’ names. Informed consent forms, available for download in the online submission system, should be signed by the patients (or parent or guardian of minors), scanned digitally, and then uploaded at the time of manuscript submission. This step is strictly required for submission of all case reports.

Copyright release. All manuscripts must be accompanied by the Copyright Release Form signed by one of the authors acting on behalf of all of the authors: “The undersigned author agrees to transfer all copyright ownership of the manuscript [title of the article] to the Korean Association of Orthodontists in case of publication. The undersigned author warrants that the manuscript is original, has not been published or under consideration elsewhere, and does not infringe any copyright of any third party.” Download the Copyright Release Form from the Online Submission System. Once the form is signed by one of the authors, it should be scanned digitally and uploaded in the designated copyright transfer section of the Checklist page during manuscript submission.

Conflict of interest statement. Authors should report all financial and personal relationships that could be viewed as presenting a potential conflict of interest. Such information will be confidential, and will not be available to reviewers. If the manuscript is accepted and published, the information will be disclosed with the article. Guest editorials, review articles, and communications should not imply any conflict of interest. Once the Conflict of Interest Statement Form is downloaded from the website, fill out the document with the corresponding author’s signature, then scan and upload the completed form on the Checklist page during manuscript submission. Authors should ensure correct use of the terms sex (when reporting biological factors) and gender (identity, psychosocial or cultural factors), and, unless inappropriate, report the sex and/or gender of study participants, the sex of animals or cells, and describe the methods used to determine sex and gender. If the study was done involving an exclusive population, for example in only one sex, authors should justify why, except in obvious cases (e.g., prostate cancer). Authors should define how they determined race or ethnicity and justify their relevance.

Manuscript will be pre-reviewed by CJKAO editors in order to examine its format and scope. Also, CJKAO biostatistician will examine statistics used in the study, and may require modification, if necessary. Manuscript will then be peer-reviewed by two experts in the field. Editorial decision such as acceptance, rejection, or request for revision will be made with reviewers’ comments and similarity check. And then the decision will be notified to the corresponding author including any relevant reviewers’ comments.

Authorship credits should be based on 1) substantial contributions to conception or design, acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of the data; 2) drafting of the manuscript or revising it critically for important intellectual contents; 3) final approval of the version to be published, 4) agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work and ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. Authors must meet all of these criteria. The corresponding author can be only an author(s) who meets all four criteria and cannot be an author who did not meet any one or more of the criteria. The corresponding author should be available throughout the full processes even after publication. When a study is conducted by a large and multicenter group, the group should identify the individual authors who accept responsibility for the manuscript before submission. When submitting a manuscript authored by a group, the corresponding author should clearly indicate the preferred citation and identify all individual authors as well as group name. Contributors to the study can be listed in an acknowledgment section. Acquisition of funding, collection of data, or general supervision of the research does not meet the authorship criteria, and such parties should not be listed as authors. If the corresponding author requests the addition or removal of authors after submission, the editor will assess the reason and a written document regarding agreement from all co-authors. The Clinical Journal of Korean Association of Orthodontists has no responsibility for changes in authorship.

Author's Checklist. The following checklist is intended to help you prepare a complete submission for Clinical Journal of Korean Association of Orthodontists. We strongly encourage you to use this form and confirm whether your submission is prepared and organized according to the CJKAO policy.

1. English text has been proofread. Microsoft Word program was used for the manuscript.
2. All evidence of authorship was removed from the text including abstract, methods, discussion and references.
3. For the “Case report,” author must upload “informed patient consent form” to the “CJKAO e-submission system.”
4. Abstract was structured and with 250 words or less.
5. The body of the text, excluding the abstract, references, tables, and illustrations, should not exceed 3,500 words (2,000 words in Korean) in length for articles.
6. Cite references selectively up to 30 citations. Superscripts of the references followed the format suggested by the CJKAO.
7. Overall, tables were presented in the proper format suggested by the CJKAO (for more details, authors may refer to the most recent issue of the CJKAO).
8. Images were with high resolution of minimum 300 dpi, 3 mega pixels and were in JPG, TIFF format.

Copyright. All authors of manuscripts must sign a copyright releasing form and submit it to https://kao.or.kr/cjkao.

Manuscripts for publication and correspondence relating to them should be submitted via Online Manuscript Submission System (Online Submission) in the CJKAO website (https://kao.or.kr/cjkao). As for word-processing programs, MS Word file is the only accepted format of documents. MS Word default typeface and type size are recommended. For further procedures regarding web-based submission, follow the instruction given in the web page. Following is the contact information for your reference.

This regulation will take effect from the date of approval of the board of the Korean Association of Orthodontists.

Jong-Moon Chae, DDS, MSD, PhD, Editor-in-Chief
Clinical Journal of Korean Association of Orthodontists
603 Trapalace II, 23 Seocho-daero 74-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06621, Korea
Telephone: +82-2-464-9153
Fax: +82-2-464-9154
E-mail: kao100@chol.com
Web: https://kao.or.kr/cjkao